Tosa Dog Breed Information

Category	Details
Origin	Japan
Size	Large
Weight	36 and 61 kg
Height	24-32 inches (60-82 cm)
Lifespan	10-12 years
Coat	Short
Colors	Red, fawn, black, brindle
Temperament	Loyal, calm, fearless
Nutrition	High-quality dog food
Exercise Needs	Moderate
Grooming Needs	Low
Training	Requires firm and consistent training
Good with Children	Yes, with proper socialization
Good with Pets	Yes, with proper socialization
Health Concerns	Hip dysplasia, bloat
Living Environment	House with a yard
AKC Group	Not recognized by AKC
Original Purpose	Fighting dog, guard dog
Socialization	Essential
Barking Level	Low
Independence	High
Playfulness	Moderate
Sensitivity Level	Moderate
Weather Tolerance	Moderate

The Tosa, often called the Tosa Inu or Tosa Ken, is a unique Japanese dog breed. It is well-known both in its own country and abroad because of its majestic stature, steadfast devotion, and kind disposition.

Tosa typically weigh between 36 and 61 kg, with an average height of 62 to 82 cm, and have a life expectancy of 10 to 12 years. This article explores this amazing breed’s lengthy history, unique traits, temperament, and maintenance needs.

Origin

The Tosa, sometimes called the Tosa Inu or Tosa Ken, is a Japanese breed whose ancestry dates to the latter part of the 1800s. It was created through a selective breeding program that crossed native Japanese dog breeds like the Shikoku Inu and the Kochi with other European dog breeds, including the Bulldog, Mastiff, German Pointer, and Great Dane.

The goal was to produce a powerful fighting dog, mainly for dogfighting matches, which were common in Japan then.

Physical Appearance

Tosa is a large, imposing breed, known for its muscular and sturdy frame. Adult Tosas typically stand between 21.5 to 32 inches tall at the shoulder, depending on the region and breeding. They can weigh anywhere from 80 to 200 pounds, with Japanese-bred Tosas usually being smaller than their Western counterparts. This variation in size is due to different breeding practices, but all Tosas share a powerful, athletic build that reflects their original purpose as fighting dogs.

Tosa has a short, dense coat that is smooth to the touch. Common coat colors include black, brindle, fawn, and red. Some Tosas may also have small white markings on their chest or feet, but these are less common. The coat’s simplicity contributes to the breed’s rugged, no-nonsense appearance.

Several features make the Tosa visually distinct. The breed has a broad, square-shaped head with a strong jaw and pronounced dewlap, giving it a commanding presence. Its ears are small and droop down close to the face, adding to its serious expression.

Personality

Tosa is remarkably gifted in both physical strength and mild disposition. It is a powerful, imposing creature with a large skull and muscular physique. Despite its threatening look, this ugly breed is renowned for its calm, collected demeanor.

Tosas are gentle giants with extraordinary restraint and self-control. After receiving the appropriate socialization and training, they are kind and accepting toward strangers.

How to Take Care of Tosa

Grooming

Regular brushing, typically once a week, is sufficient to remove loose hair and keep the coat shiny. During shedding seasons, more frequent brushing may be needed to manage the increased hair loss. Bathing should be done as needed, usually every few months, to keep the coat clean and free of odors. However, it’s essential not to over-bath, as this can strip the coat of its natural oils.

Dental care is also important for the Tosa. Regular brushing of their teeth, ideally a few times a week, helps prevent tartar buildup and dental issues. Additionally, regular nail trimming is necessary to avoid overgrowth, which can cause discomfort or lead to injury. Checking and cleaning their ears is important too, as the breed’s drooping ears can be prone to infections if not properly maintained.

Health

One of the health issues Tosas face is bloat, a life-threatening condition where the stomach twists and traps gas. In this case, you need to feed them smaller, more frequent meals rather than one large meal to reduce the risk.

Eye infections are also a concern for Tosas, particularly because of their drooping eyelids, which can trap dirt and bacteria. Regular cleaning and monitoring of the eyes can help prevent infections. Additionally, the breed may suffer from skin conditions, often related to allergies. You have to keep their coat clean and monitor for signs of irritation to manage these issues.

Exercise

Daily walks are essential, and they should be long enough to allow the dog to expend energy. A minimum of 60 minutes of exercise per day is recommended, which can be split into two or more sessions. In addition to walks, Tosas benefit from playtime in a secure, fenced area where they can run freely. Activities like fetch or agility training can also be beneficial, providing both physical exercise and mental stimulation.

Mental stimulation is as important as physical activity for the Tosa. Interactive toys, puzzle feeders, and training sessions can help keep their minds engaged, reducing the likelihood of boredom-related behaviors. Due to their strong build and working background, Tosas thrive when they have a job to do, even if it’s just a challenging game or learning new commands.

It’s important to note that while Tosas are calm indoors, they need regular exercise to prevent restlessness and potential behavioral issues. Owners should be prepared to commit time daily to meet these exercise needs, ensuring their Tosa remains healthy and well-balanced.

What To or What Not To Feed Them

A Tosa’s diet should be carefully balanced to support its large size and active lifestyle. High-quality dog food, specifically formulated for large breeds, is essential. Look for foods with a high protein content, which supports muscle development, and moderate fat levels to maintain a healthy weight. Omega fatty acids are also important for maintaining a healthy coat and skin. It’s crucial to choose dog food that does not contain fillers or artificial additives, as these can lead to digestive issues and other health problems.

Certain foods should be avoided to prevent health issues. For example, you should avoid feeding your Tosa chocolate, grapes, onions, garlic, and any foods containing xylitol, as these can be toxic to dogs. Additionally, be cautious with table scraps and high-fat foods, as they can contribute to obesity and digestive upset. Foods like bones and raw meat can also pose risks, including choking hazards and infections from harmful bacteria.

Pros and Cons for Tosa

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What type of temperament do Tosa dogs have?

Tosa dogs are known for their calm, reserved, and loyal temperament. They are protective of their families and can be wary of strangers.

2. How often should Tosa dogs be groomed?

Tosa dogs have a short coat that requires minimal grooming. Weekly brushing is sufficient to keep their coat healthy and reduce shedding.

3. Are Tosa dogs good with children?

Tosa dogs can be good with children if properly socialized from a young age. Due to their size and strength, supervision is always recommended during interactions with kids.

4. What are common health issues in Tosa dogs?

Common health issues in Tosa dogs include hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and bloat (gastric torsion). Regular veterinary check-ups are important for maintaining their health.

5. How much exercise do Tosa dogs need?

Tosa dogs require moderate exercise to stay healthy and happy. Daily walks and regular playtime are essential to meet their physical and mental needs.

Wrapping Up

The Tosa is a unique breed that embodies kindness, strength, and devotion perfectly. Despite its contentious past, its development into a cherished friend and guardian dog is evidence of its adaptability and tenacity.

With the right upbringing, socialization, and training, the Tosa may flourish in various settings and improve its owners’ lives with its steadfast love and loyalty.